Beta-blockers were the leading treatment for glaucoma for many decades, prior to the introduction of the prostaglandin family. Even today, they remain a very significant part of the treatment arsenal, often as a second-line therapy or in combination with other medications.
Mechanism of Action
Beta-blockers lower intraocular pressure by reducing the production of fluid in the ciliary body inside the eye. They are typically instilled once or twice a day.
Safety and Systemic Side Effects
While beta-blockers are very safe locally for the eye and do not cause cosmetic changes (like eyelash growth), they can be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause systemic side effects such as: slowed heart rate, exacerbation of asthma or existing respiratory problems, decreased blood pressure, and sometimes fatigue. Therefore, it is crucial to inform Prof. Leshno about any heart or respiratory issues before starting treatment.